By John Rogers A fundamental safety requirement is for drivers to have adequate visibility when approaching the tunnel, at the moment of entry, within the tunnel and when exiting. To provide adequate visibility, lighting systems are designed to overcome the “black hole” effect at the entry portal during daylight hours. Such lighting is energy [...]
The Observational Method in Tunnelling Diane Mather, Design Manager, Inland Rail, ARTC Alex Gomes, Chief Technical Principal - Tunnels, SMEC Background The design of tunnels and underground structures often involves a myriad of technical disciplines, which can range from geosciences up to architectonics and electro-mechanics, depending on the tunnel purpose. However, because tunnels are invariably [...]
Towards model Australian underground works contracts: Regulatory Baseline reporting—fairness when government rules and regulations change By Professor Arnold Dix Scientist & Lawyer, Professor of Engineering CEO & Managing Director—ALARP Consulting Group Starting with the Sydney Harbour Tunnel, which opened in 1992, Australia has delivered an impressive set of urban tunnel infrastructure projects using unconventional contract [...]
If engineers do one thing well it is listen to the design engineers, evaluate the numbers and their results and as such construct safe and usable structures built both high and dug deep in the ground. The science of climate change is unequivocal and the evidence (bushfires, flooding, cyclones and droughts) is manifesting itself at [...]
Filling the NFPA 502 void Michael Beyer, Conrad Stacey, Arnold Dix This article should be read as continuation of our earlier part one note to the ATS about Annex D of (NFPA 502, 2020). It proposes a value for critical velocity, filling the void to be left by the intended removal of Annex D from [...]
Michael Beyer, Conrad Stacey, Arnold Dix This note summarises what was discovered in a review of the technical background for the change to the critical velocity values resulting from Annex D of (NFPA 502, 2020), as well as the recent developments regarding the critical velocity in Annex D of (NFPA 502, 2020), and why [...]
